厭氧生物處理工藝的運行管理
作為厭氧生物處理工藝的最后一篇,主要從厭氧生物處理裝置的啟動、運行管理指標(biāo)和水質(zhì)管理指標(biāo)這三個方面來簡單介紹一下厭氧生物處理工藝的運行與管理。
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在消化池進行正式投產(chǎn)運行之前,需要進行清水試驗,用以檢查消化池本身是否存在漏水、漏氣的問題;
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隨后就可以向消化池中投放接種污泥,接種污泥通常來自于已經(jīng)成功運行的消化池中的污泥,投放之前要采用濾網(wǎng)(2*2或5*5mm)進行過濾。
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接種污泥投放之后,就可以少量的投加濃縮后的生污泥;
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對產(chǎn)氣量、沼氣的成分、pH、上清液的VFA(揮發(fā)性脂肪酸)等指標(biāo)進行檢測;
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消化池正常運行后,就可以逐步增加投泥量,經(jīng)過50~60天就可以達(dá)到設(shè)計時的負(fù)荷。
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使用污泥啟動,培養(yǎng)出顆粒污泥,通常需要1~3個月的時間一般分為啟動期、顆粒污泥形成期和顆粒污泥成熟期;
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對于接種污泥,通常采用厭氧污泥消化池中的厭氧污泥;
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培養(yǎng)過程中要求水溫,pH等環(huán)境條件要穩(wěn)定;
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反應(yīng)器中的污泥負(fù)荷需要控制在0.05~0.1kgCOD/(kgSS·d),容積負(fù)荷則要小于0.5kgCOD/(m³·d);
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VFA濃度需要保持在一個較低的濃度;
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為了淘汰部分絮狀污泥,表面水力負(fù)荷要大于0.3m³/(㎡·d);
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進水中可以適當(dāng)?shù)奶峁o機顆粒(鈣、鐵等),必要時適當(dāng)補充微量金屬元素(鎳、鈷、鉬等),促進產(chǎn)甲烷菌的生長;
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顆粒污泥的形狀多種多樣,呈現(xiàn)出球形、卵形、絲狀等;
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平均粒徑1mm,粒徑通常在0.1~2mm之間,最大的也能達(dá)到3~5mm;
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顏色多為黑色、灰色和灰白色,也會出現(xiàn)黃色或鐵紅色。
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